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American red maple, aceraceae maple genera, also called the Canadian red maple, the origin of east coast of the United States, deciduous tree. Rapid growth, adult tree height 12 to 18 m, crown breadth 12 meters, can adapt to a variety of range of soil type growth. Flowers in the spring, the flowers red. Because of its autumn color dazzing, crown neat, are widely used in park, residential area, street planting, already can gardens and can do roadside trees, deeply people love, be in last few years the introduction of beautification and greening of city landscape architecture is one of the rare tree species ideal.
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Basic information ecological characteristic: the main character: behavior characteristics: seedling technique breeding methods: American red maple varieties and seed sowing seedlings and seedlings were the difference between American red maple seed sowing practical technology
A spring,
Second, the autumn sowing
Application: in China, the distribution of the American red maple breeding
A, soil selection and processing
Second, seed treatment, sowing time and method
Three, seedling management and growing
Four, ruifeng American red maple asexual reproduction: the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests
One, mite
Second, the light shoulder star longhorn beetle
I am in Qingdao cutting American red maple experience basic information ecological characteristic: the main character: behavior characteristics: seedling technique breeding methods: American red maple varieties and seed sowing seedlings and seedlings were the difference between American red maple seed sowing practical technology
A spring,
Second, the autumn sowing
Application:
The distribution of in China
American red maple breeding
A, soil selection and processing
Second, seed treatment, sowing time and method
Three, seedling management and growing
Four, ruifeng American red maple asexual reproduction:
The prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests
One, mite
Second, the light shoulder star longhorn beetle
I am in Qingdao cutting American red maple experience
expansion
Basic information
Name: American red maple
Alias: red maple, northern red maple, North America red maple, swamp maple, Canada red maple, brown sugar maple, scarlet maple
English name: Red maple, Scarlet maple
Scientific name: Acer rubrum
Genera: aceraceae maple genera
Category: deciduous trees
The ecological features:
Like water, low temperature resistance (minus 40 degrees or so), alkali, in shandong peninsula, the rizhao area fastest growth, this and in North America latitude consistent, climate condition, temperature condition is basic and same, annual growth up to 80-120 cm, autumn color the most outstanding, the most unity.
The main character:
High can be up to 30 m, crown breadth 10 m, leaves palmate 3-5 crack, leaf length 10 cm, blade surface bright green, leaf back efflorescence, some have white fluff. Spring new leaves extensive is red, and the string of red flowers set each other off becomes an interest; Summer branches and leaves shading; Autumn leaves for beautiful red, lasted for a long time. Tree upright upward, crown round. Spring open red flowers, fruit winged, red. This species growth rapidly, is all red maple varieties grow the fastest varieties.
Habit features:
Adaptability is strong, cold and drought tolerant, humidity. In Beijing, hebei, shandong, liaoning, jilin, henan, shanxi, anhui, jiangsu, Shanghai, zhejiang, jiangxi, hunan, hubei, yunnan, sichuan, xinjiang's climate is suitable, every year autumn pure improved red maple can stable showing gorgeous red effect, acid and neutral soil make autumn scenery more brilliant.
Seedling technique
American red maple, aceraceae maple genera, also called the Canadian red maple, the origin of east coast of the United States, deciduous tree. Rapid growth, adult tree height 12 to 18 m, crown breadth 12 meters, can adapt to a variety of range of soil type growth. Flowers in the spring, the flowers red. Because of its autumn color dazzing, crown neat, are widely used in park, residential area, street planting, already can gardens and can do roadside trees, deeply people love, be in last few years the introduction of beautification and greening of city landscape architecture is one of the rare tree species ideal. Now the seedling technique introduced summed up as follows: a, soil selection and processing
American red maple seedling should choose micro acid, moist, permeability is good, irrigation condition good sand loam. Before sowing of RMB into organic fertilizer was 5000 kg, NPK compound fertilizer three yuan 50 kg. To prevent nursery stock plant diseases and insect pests, especially underground pest per acre need ferrous sulfate 8 ~ 10 kg, phoxim granules 2 kg, and fine soil mix well, and in the surface and deep tillage, rake fine, level off for strip for 1 m wide strip, adopted in 30 cm wide, long strip 20 ~ 30 meters.
Second, seed treatment, sowing time and method
American red maple seeds not dormant sexual, both for autumn sowing can also be carried out spring, we mainly introduces spring sowing. Seeding time in mid-march ~ in the middle of April advisable. Before sowing seeds and wet sand by 1:3 proportion mix well, put in 3 ~ 5 ℃ under the condition of a month of low-temperature sand hidden processing. During the laminated to regular inspection and management, found a germination of seeds, to sow a timely manner. When planting first in QiNa irrigation plantar water, and water logging next reseeding, every square metre seeding rate 200 grain or so. Seeding to overlap of 0.5 centimeters fine soil, soil moisture for improving geothermal, make the seed budding early, budding tidy, can cover film or small GongPeng, GongPeng should pay attention to ventilation, noon temperature more than 30 ℃ to appropriate shade. General seeding 15 ~ 20 days or so out good seedling emergence.
Three, seedling management and growing
Seedling unearthed, initial grew more slowly, resistance difference will often spray, keep the moisture content of the soil, and shall timely clear weeds, hoeing in time for the trip to earth, as far as possible many culture some soil, prevent to appear the phenomenon of lodging. When seedlings grow up to 5 cm high, final singling, generally in the irrigation water, according to the 10 ~ 15 cm plant spacing to weak, disease and young miao, keep seedling strong tidy, lack of miao place choose a rainy day with soil ball transplantation fill the gaps with seedlings. Combined with water in early June topdressing urea, RMB $15 kg, in the middle of July to RMB $topdressing urea 10 ~ 15 kg, later appropriate water control. If discover limacodidae pests, etc, can be sprayed 2.5% of deltamethrin 4000 times liquid for prevention and treatment.
The seedling height can reach 1 ~ 1.5 meters, the second spring planting for points.
Breeding methods:
Ordinary red maple through the seed breeding. And the gardening cultivars (such as "sunset red maple", "October brilliance", "flame autumn", "autumn flame maple", "the fire of the north", "sun valley", "summer", "red wine red", etc.) is through the asexual methods (such as cultivation, grafting, cutting, etc.) breeding.
American red maple varieties and seed sowing seedlings and the difference between the cutting seedlings
American red maple
American red maple as a kind of excellent landscape tree species at first by han maple group, and Beijing botanical garden, Shanghai landscape research institutes and other units common introduction to domestic. Is mainly due to its abroad as color leaf tree species and roadside trees good performance. The first introduction mainly divides into the introduction seeds and introduced the original plant trees two aspects. Seed mainly come from northern parts of the United States or Canada provenance is given priority to, the tree is has introduced the October brilliant (autumn red maple), the sunset glow, and other famous varieties of primary the tree and the tree of the supply of goods as far as I know quite a few from the Netherlands. The introduction of the tree is limited after all, if the early introduction of domestic tree total quantity also but thousands of plant. Most of the nursery and private growers to seed sowing seedling propagation mainly. In around 2004, American red maple once unusually hot, young plant a plant will more than ten yuan, introduce the tree is very expensive, a plant 5 centimeters or so of American red maple can sell to a twenty thousand yuan.
Due to the engineering tree is less and the price is expensive, seed sowing seedlings are small and cannot be used, so the red maple fire a few years later gradually cooling down, the market tends to saturation. American red maple seedlings prices begin to decline.
In recent years, the introduction of the seed sowing miao has conformed to the engineering of specifications, and over the years a lot of planting and promotion, the American red maple seed sowing twice each year and import the tree continuous competitive price, the price also gradually accepted by landscape engineering unit, the red maple gradually around the project began to use. Because of its excellent performance, the market began to gradually warming. Want to grow the red maple friend and start up.
But a lot of people suddenly found that, don't know what kind of variety of American red maple is ok. Appear in the market a lot of the United States' improvement "red maple varieties. These varieties was enterprise after packaging hype, make people dizzy. Well, if you learned plant physiology, a lot of things with respect to be readily solved.
First of all, the United States red maple leaf color why will become red or yellowing, color is mainly by what decide? Originally, the red maple leaf contains several material element decided to the American red maple leaves. They are: chlorophyll, chloroplast, sugar, anthocyanins, carotene, etc. Chlorophyll, chloroplast is undoubtedly green performance. Anthocyanins are red performance, meets the basic material for the performance of the purple. Carotene is behaved orange or yellow, sugar will according to the changes of the environment by the United States red maple joint called anthocyanins or carotene. In spring, the red maple new leaves will show a little red, is mainly due to the influence of anthocyanins, and then when the leaves to grow up, start on photosynthesis, synthesis of a large number of chloroplast and chlorophyll, the red maple leaf will gradually become green. In autumn, the temperature is lower, the American red maple gradually stop synthetic chlorophyll chloroplast began to put them down into energy storage, to prepare for winter. So the leaves will show anthocyanin and carotene color, if the proportion of anthocyanins, the red maple leaf color to red give priority to, on the contrary, carotene proportion is large, the expression is yellow. Both proportion close, it will for the performance of the orange. We said, anthocyanin and carotene is by the sugar conversion, if want to let the United States the red maple YeZiGong, that is about to many transformation anthocyanins. How to more into anthocyanin? That is by temperature difference, and air humidity decision. If the temperature difference is big, the air humidity is big, the red maple performance that is very red. Conversely color will become orange red or yellow.
Thus it can be seen, the American red maple leaves of autumn, which performance, mainly depends on the environmental factors, such as planting place in high altitude area or mountainous area, the temperature difference between day and night, the air humidity is good, so performance is good. If it is grown in urban areas, due to the influence of heat island effect, that is relatively worse. If grown in the north high latitudes, autumn will also behave well, on the contrary grown in the south a low-latitude region, will be relatively less. Then you will understand that, even if the same American red maple varieties, changed the plant site, that its performance will also have very big difference. So, you spend buying American red maple, may not adapted to your area. According to anhui changan colored nursery stock base these years of observation and tracking the area north of yunnan are planting, but anhui area north of leaf color is more bright-coloured consistent performance.
Second, the American red maple varieties and the relationship between the leaf color. From the university of Florida data show that the United States all red maple varieties are the main difference between tree instead of leaf color.
So the United States of the red maple varieties and autumn leaves nearly independent of the color performance. Others might flicker you American red maple varieties growth speed, perhaps with the red maple varieties have some related, but the American red maple growth speed ultimately depends on your planting condition, such as planting soil, rainfall or irrigation quantity, the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests situation and so on. Such as October brilliant (autumn red maple) and sunset glow in the southern United States generally growing low, but in wet river edge or marshes, growing tall, and more quickly. Thus it can be seen, reasonable irrigation favorable American red maple growing. We are Shanghai planting American red maple almost is not long, the study found, the original Shanghai offshore, soil serious partial saline sex, more sticky heavy, go against the red maple growth. But the jiangsu and zhejiang area, it is not a problem.
If you plant the red maple, we still recommend you choose to use seed cultivation rootstocks. First, this brings out the red maple young miao cost lower. And the high cost of cutting seedlings. Second, because the United States red maple seed seedling variability, may let you get better adapt to the region of the young plant. Any seed of seed sowing seedlings will have certain variability, but the variation is not necessarily mean more variable, the worse may also is getting better. As long as you from seed seedling to screening, there might be some choose the excellent quality of American red maple seedlings, many domestic enterprises "improved" red maple is so "improvement", if you can also "improvement", completely don't have to pay high price to buy other people's "improved" red maple. Third, different areas, can choose different provenance for planting. American red maple mainly distributed in North America area, some parts of Canada and the United States all have the distribution, we know that different provenance, its adaptability is quite different. And choose to have similar provenance climate conditions, will undoubtedly improve your introduction American red maple chance of success.
Anhui changan colored nursery stock American red maple base (seeding experience)
American red maple seed sowing practical technology
American red maple seeding method
A spring,
1, seed soaking, sowing in general tomb-sweeping day first half of the month to rub off seed wings, warm water for the red maple seeds 12 hours. 2, sand hidden, the American red maple seeds after repeated test without low temperature sand reservoir, the choice is thick permeability good river sand, sand and seed according to body: 3:1 of mixing ratio, sand moisture for - hand agent conglobation loosen is loose. After mixing the seed and sand mixed placed indoor can.
3, preceding seedbed preparation: deep surface soil crumb, ridge 1.5 meters wide open deep groove.
4, sowing: generally 15-20 days American red maple seeds to germinate, wait for budding reached 20% can all seeding (also can be singled out already germination of seeds), per sow the red maple seeds 3 kg, in has the good on the ridge deep open 10 cm wide 20 cm of small groove, the seeds with sand broadcast to open a good small groove, sowing to uniform. (control total amount)
5, cover soil, a small GongPeng: seeding should in seed cover a layer of moist fine soil, cover soil not too thick general 0.5 1 cm can, cover soil too thick influence budding. A plastic small barrack, plastic small barrack another branch is prevented bask in network GongPeng, pay attention to plastic GongPeng next, prevent bask in network GongPeng, distance between two GongPeng shall be more than 20 cm, to keep ventilation cooling effect.
6, daily maintenance: planting within one month after is the red maple budding the key period of observation GongPeng often keep the temperature and humidity, will hand in deep film GongPeng don't feel hot said temperature can, found that high temperature shall immediately ventilation, and adopted in a film GongPeng two head spray cooling method. Stay seedlings grow up to 5-10 cm when strip away film GongPeng. Prevent bask in network GongPeng continue to retain, stay young plant long to 20-30 cm used after morning and evening bask in the net, noon cover is prevented bask in network method refined blade, 2 weeks after all strip away is prevented bask in network.
7, water, weed control: stay young miao long to 10 cm can be used after foliar fertilizer, or a small amount of urea, remember fertilization should follow a small amount of multiple methods, not an excessive, in order to prevent burn seedlings. There are currently no effective herbicide do not harm American red maple young miao, so typically use the method of artificial pull up weeds.
Second, the autumn sowing
- autumn sowing general budding rate is not high, unless the young plant very nervous, suggest generally don't autumn sowing. American red maple could theoretically autumn sowing, but after years of practice, autumn sowing is not very ideal, may new picked seeds have no dormancy, therefore autumn sowing and spring compared with the following difference.
1, sand hidden: autumn sowing is the local temperature generally in the middle of August, according to the method of spring sowing seeds and sand mixed, the mixture to place freezer 3-5 degrees Celsius deepfreeze a month (not frozen).
2, because the fall temperature is higher, field seeding don't need film small barrack, direct cover a layer can prevent bask in network.
Application:
In the landscape is widely applied in, commonly used color roadside trees, drought to shelter forest tree species and ornamental forest. American red maple improved varieties of cheery red or bright red autumn marked, leaf color have fluorescent, highly disruptive. Pure varieties to ensure the cheery red or bright red autumn. After trials prove very adapt to the local production and red effect of the best breed has "the United States autumn red maple", "sunset red maple (also known as JinGongFeng)", "October brilliance", "flame autumn", "autumn flame maple", "the fire of the north", "sun valley", "wine red", "summer red", etc. The domestic many growers could not see the beauty of the red maple red, is actually a mistake common seed sowing seedling recognized as improved red maple in it.
The distribution of in China
American red maple mainly from North America and most parts of Canada. In the 2000 years ago introduced to China. In the domestic began to small scale planting. Due to the red maple is easy to plant survival. In China's north region, soon spread. At present the main distribution in shandong, liaoning area, because of its special geographical location makes the United States the red maple leaf in the north discoloration effect is very good. But the many cities cannot see the red maple autumn color. In the north to Qingdao already abundant landscape as a representative, in anhui to changan colored nursery stock American red maple base as a representative, breed is very rich, planting scale is already the largest, autumn leaves color is very bright, give a person with shock, and distinctive. We can supply all kinds of red maple tree improved 3 to 13 cm twice each year, the United States of direct import planted seedlings and container quality seedlings, and developed since the cultivation asexual reproduction quality red maple seedlings, ensure the quality of pure, optimal benign. In zhejiang sat with red maple company as a representative, breed is very rich, planting scale is already the largest, autumn leaves color is very bright, each characteristic. Can provide various improved varieties of diameter 5 to 15 cm twice each year, there are land planted seedlings and container seedling high-quality goods.
In zhejiang sat with red maple company as a representative, breed is very rich, planting scale is already the largest, autumn leaves color is very bright, each characteristic. Can provide various improved varieties of diameter 5 to 15 cm twice each year, there are land planted seedlings and container seedling high-quality goods.
2003 years later the earliest introduced American red maple place, began to introduction the American red maple few gardening breed. Its colour effect is good, bright colours, every variety color each has his strong point, at that time the United States red maple market gradually by several color good horticultural varieties instead of, then we call it "the United States improved red maple". Main varieties' sunset glow ", "October autumn light", "flame", "autumn flame maple such as" outstanding varieties. And reproductive system must be through the asexual reproduction. Everyone at this time didn't know asexual reproduction of American red maple is superior to seed breeding of American red maple.
According to 09 years in the industry to the latest statistics, the current domestic large size American red maple seedlings quantity started to increase, mainly concentrated in Shanghai, zhejiang, shandong area, there are m diameter 8 to 15 cm twice each year can supply, and a growing every year.
American red maple in plant diseases and insect pests were seldom. The main has black mite and light shoulder star longhorn beetle. Discovered timely treatment will not affect to the tree. The future of American red maple a huge potential for development, is the first choice to replace other roadside trees species, will ultimately become a new generation of street trees king!
American red maple breeding
A, soil selection and processing
American red maple seedling should choose micro acid, moist, permeability is good, irrigation condition good sand loam. Before sowing of RMB into organic fertilizer was 5000 kg, NPK compound fertilizer three yuan 50 kg. To prevent nursery stock plant diseases and insect pests, especially underground pest per acre need ferrous sulfate 8 ~ 10 kg, phoxim granules 2 kg, and fine soil mix well, and in the surface and deep tillage, rake fine, level off for strip for 1 m wide strip, adopted in 30 cm wide, long strip 20 ~ 30 meters.
Second, seed treatment, sowing time and method
American red maple seeds not dormant sexual, both for autumn sowing can also be carried out spring, we mainly introduces spring sowing. Seeding time in mid-march ~ in the middle of April advisable. Before sowing seeds and wet sand by 1:3 proportion mix well, put in 3 ~ 5 ℃ under the condition of a month of low-temperature sand hidden processing. During the laminated to regular inspection and management, found a germination of seeds, to sow a timely manner. When planting first in QiNa irrigation plantar water, and water logging next reseeding, every square metre seeding rate 200 grain or so. Seeding to overlap of 0.5 centimeters fine soil, soil moisture for improving geothermal, make the seed budding early, budding tidy, can cover film or small GongPeng, GongPeng should pay attention to ventilation, noon temperature more than 30 ℃ to appropriate shade. General seeding 15 ~ 20 days or so out good seedling emergence.
Three, seedling management and growing
Seedling unearthed, initial grew more slowly, resistance difference will often spray, keep the moisture content of the soil, and shall timely clear weeds, hoeing in time for the trip to earth, as far as possible many culture some soil, prevent to appear the phenomenon of lodging. When seedlings grow up to 5 cm high, final singling, generally in the irrigation water, according to the 10 ~ 15 cm plant spacing to weak, disease and young miao, keep seedling strong tidy, lack of miao place choose a rainy day with soil ball transplantation fill the gaps with seedlings. Combined with water in early June topdressing urea, RMB $15 kg, in the middle of July to RMB $topdressing urea 10 ~ 15 kg, later appropriate water control. If discover limacodidae pests, etc, can be sprayed 2.5% of deltamethrin 4000 times liquid for prevention and treatment.
The seedling height can reach 1 ~ 1.5 meters, the second spring planting for points.
American red maple market gradually later will have excellent gardening breed instead of seed breeding nursery stock. Import seedlings high price also will be domestic own asexual reproduction of horticultural varieties instead. After all, cost of imports really does not poor.
Ruifeng American red maple as the most outstanding American red maple varieties. The dosage of the few years will no doubt increase. The market competition is intense degree will also aggravate gradually. This time we will be vigilant some bad vendors with seed breeding young plant to pretend to be the real American autumn red maple. The specific identification method recommendation consulting industry professionals.
Four, ruifeng American red maple asexual reproduction:
(such as cultivation, grafting, cutting, etc.) breeding, cutting survival rate in Switzerland abundant American red maple special ShengGenFen, can amount to seventy percent, greatly improving the I base cutting survival rate, has submitted to the state department letter of patent. Shandong ruifeng American red maple seedlings professional cooperatives to foster import is a colored nursery stock primarily professional cooperatives and domestic several such as scientific research, planting, cutting improvement, grafting cultivation, seedling introduction, sales promotion and after-sales service in one of the import seedlings leading enterprise fully resource sharing, the cultivation of the talent with professional and strict management system, from North America, Europe, Japan and other places introduce excellent trees and seed, and in rizhao city established the first color nursery stock research demonstration base - sunshine ruifeng American red maple professional cooperatives, In jinan established the first imported forest tree seed supply center - jinan ruifeng import forest tree seed supply center to the introduction of various color nursery stock on the large area of cultivation, cutting and cultivation test, strict screen out a batch of in colour stability. Resistance. Disease resistance have shown good color nursery stock. Now facing the whole country launch sunshine red red maple, the United States red maple, North America sweetgum, Europe red maple, autumn flame, October brilliant and improved red maple, the United States red oak, photinia x, Japan red maple, Norway maple, the United States shell pecan, sweet ling walnut grafting, Canada cercis, Scotland gold chain tree, Mosaic frond maple, Colorado LanSha, the United States more fruit basket, such as rare breed of finished product tree and young miao millions of trees. We spirit of "science and technology environment, the good faith for this, the future" three themes, work well to import color nursery stock and seed quality inspection, screening, improvement cultivation, sales work, to provide our clients with the best color nursery stock and planting, cutting technology service.
